April+26th+2011+to+April+29th+2011

===ACHIEVEMENT CHART: TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION ===

===Understanding === || ===Thinking === || ===Communication === ===Journal === || ===Application === ||
 * === === || ===Knowledge ===
 * ===50–59% (Level 1) === || === === || === === || === === || === === ||
 * ===60–69% (Level 2) === || === === || === === || === === || === === ||
 * ===70–79% (Level 3) === || === === || === === || === === || === === ||
 * ===80–100% (Level 4 === || ===*=== || ===*=== || ===*=== || ===*=== ||

Knowledge and Understanding – Specific content acquired (software), and the comprehension of its meaning and significance (understanding)

 * Thinking – The use of critical and creative thinking skills and/or processes**
 * Application - of knowledge and skills (e.g., concepts, processes, use of equipment and technology)**


 * __Monday April 26th 2011:__**
 * Read from 6.2.5 to the end of the chapter**

- Instant Messaging (IM) is one of the most popular communication tools in use today. IM software is run locally on each computer and allows users to communicate or chat over the Internet in real-time. - Making telephone calls over the Internet is becoming increasingly popular. An Internet telephony client uses peer-to-peer technology similar to that used by instant messaging. - call to a regular telephone (land line or cell phone) requires the use of a gateway to access the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). - Well-Known Ports Destination ports that are associated with common network applications are identified as well-known ports. These ports are in the range of 1 to 1023. Registered Ports Ports 1024 through 49151 can be used as either source or destination ports. These can be used by organizations to register specific applications such as IM applications. Private Ports Ports 49152 through 65535, often used as source ports. These ports can be used by any application. - 53 - DNS - 80 - HTTP - 143 - IMAP4 - 67 - DHCP (Client) - 68 - DHCP (Server) - 20 - FTP ( data transfer) - 21 - FTP control (connection) - 25 - SMTP - 161 - SNMP - 443 - HTTPS - 110 - POP3
 * Relevant information:**



- As the web page is sent down the web server protocol stack, the application data is broken into TCP segments. Each TCP segment is given a header containing a source and destination port. The TCP segment encapsulates HTTP protocol and web page HTML user data and sends it down to the next protocol layer, which is IP. Here the TCP segment is encapsulated within an IP packet, which adds an IP header. The IP header contains source and destination IP addresses. Next, the IP packet is sent to the Ethernet protocol where it is encapsulated in a frame header and trailer. Each Ethernet frame header contains a source and destination MAC address. The trailer contains error checking information. Finally the bits are encoded onto the Ethernet media (copper or fiber optic cable) by the server NIC. -

- Layer 1 (Physical): Fast Ethernet port Layer 2 (Data Link): Ethernet Mac addresses Layer 3 (Network): IP addresses Layer 4 (Transport): TCP port numbers -



Completed the chapter 6 quiz and got %89 on it with just getting 1 question wrong.

Today we did the chapter 6 test and the test results is shown in the screen dump below:
 * __Wednesday April 27th 2011:__**

I am happy with my mark from the last test.

Today I listened to Mr. brooks about review chapter 6 ]
 * __Thursday 27th 2011:__**



Relevant information: - The most common wavelengths used for public wireless communications include the Infrared and part of the Radio Frequency (RF) band. - Infrared (IR) is relatively low energy and cannot penetrate through walls or other obstacles. - Wireless LAN (WLAN) - Wireless networks are grouped into three major categories: Wireless Personal Area networks (WPAN), Wireless Local Area networks (WLAN), and Wireless Wide Area networks (WWAN).



-802.11a: Uses 5 GHz RF spectrum Not compatible with 2.4 GHz spectrum, i.e. 802.11 b/g/n devices Range is approximately 33% that of the 802.11 b/g Relatively expensive to implement compared to other technologies Increasingly difficult to find 802.11a compliant equipment 802.11b: First of the 2.4 GHz technologies Maximum data-rate of 11 Mbps Range of approximately 46 m (150 ft) indoors/96 m (300 ft) outdoors 802.11g: 2.4 GHz technologies Maximum data-rate increase to 54 Mbps Same range as the 802.11b Backwards compatible with 802.11b 802.11n: Newest standard in development 2.4 GHz technologies (draft standard specifies support for 5 GHz) Extends the range and data throughput Backwards compatible with existing 802.11g and 802.11b equipment (draft standard specifies 802.11a support) - **Access Point** Controls access between a wired and a wireless network. I.E. allows wireless clients to gain access to a wired network and vice versa. Acts as a media converter accepting the Ethernet frames from the wired network and converting them to 802.11 compliant frames before transmitting them on the WLAN. Accepts 802.11 frames from the WLAN and converts them into Ethernet frames before placing them onto the wired network. APs support wireless connections within a limited area, known as a cell or Basic Service Set (BSS) - **Ended reading at 7.2.2** Today I listened to Mr.brooks while he was explaining an new program to us called scratch. So today we aare going to work on the program scratch. Scratch screen dumps:
 * __Friday April 29th 2011:__**